Mothertongue Facts in Serbia
Serbia and Montenegro appeared the public title of the state as of February 4, 2003, because of the process of restructuring the country previously known as The SFRY. Serbia and Montenegro is the largest share of the former Socialistic Federative Republic of Yugoslavia and consists of two states: Serbia and Montenegro.
Inside Serbia, there are two quasi-independent provinces, Vojvodina and Kosovo. Kosovo has been under the supervision of the United Nations from 1999. Linguistic politics and manipulations of the history, title standards and names of various languages took an important part in the numerous intra-national unrests that took place from 1990 till 1999 and it is still a very sensitive issue in the total territory of the peninsula. Best translate into Italian
The state language of the Republic of Serbia is Serbian (with over 6 000 000 speakers in the area of Serbia without Kosovo, or 88% of the inhabitants); an equal judicial status is allowed to both the Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet, although the former is favored for Serbian state administration. Minority languages, which are also in official use in the regions where they are spoken, are Hungarian (according to the 2002 census info of the StatsOffice of the Republic of Serbia, approximated at 286 500 speakers), Bosnian (134 500 people), Romanian (82 000 speakers), Albanian (63 500 citizens), Slovakian (57 500 speakers), Valachian (55 000 speakers), Romanian (34 500 speakers), Croatian (27 500 speakers), Bulgarian (16 500 speakers), and Macedonian (14 500 speakers). Minority languages are used at all stages of education: in primary schools, gymnasiums, and at technical schools and academies. The first linguistic effect of the political and ethnic processes of the 1990s is that the language that used to be officially called Serbo-Croat has received several new nationally and politically grounded titles. As a result, the names Bosnian, Croat and Serbianare politically engaged and refer to the same language with acceptable slight changes. The language has a couple major dialects, Ekavian and Ijekavian.
Although, as a rule, Ekavian is spoken widely in Serbia (and parts of Croatia), and Ijekavian is spoken more in Montenegro (and also in Bosnia, Herzegovina, and parts of Croatia), these variations do not coincide with the nationally motivated names.
The language map in Kosovo is less clear now, as about 300 000 refugees from this province, predominantly Serbs, are still in the process of returning to their homes. This fact makes the numbers of speakers reported unreliable. Today, according to the authority of Kosovo, about 1 670 000, or 88% of the citizens of Kosovo, speak Albanian, and about 133 000, or 7%, are speakers of Serbian. The remains of the population (5%) speaks mostly Romanian, Bosnian, Greek. HQ-translate: Greek translators
The official tongue of the Republic of Montenegro is Serbian, but there are modern tendencies to introduce the term Montenegrin, either parallel to or as a replacement to the name Serbian. Similar as with Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian, this term addresses the same language that used to be named Serbo-Croat, and is first of all a matter of political resolutions and convictions.
The Cyrillic and the Roman alphabet are officially in use. The 2003 census data from the Statistical Institute of the Republic of Montenegro show that around 401 500, or 60% of the citizens of Montenegro, recognize themselves as natives of Serbian, about 145 000 (22%) speak Montenegrin, some 49 500 (7%) speak Albanian, 29 000 (4%) are speakers of Bosnian, and about 3000 speak other languages.